Desferrioxamine (CAS 70-51-9) is a potent iron ion chelator derived from microorganisms. It is used clinically as a “specific antidote for iron poisoning” and a “standard treatment for chronic iron overload”, and is also a commonly used drug in life science research for regulating iron metabolism.

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📋Basic information:

CAS Number: 70-51-9
Molecular formula: C₂₅H₄₈N₆O₈
Molecular weight: 560.68 g/mol
EINECS Number: 200-738-5
Appearance and properties: White to off-white crystalline powder

📌Specification:

Chelating property: It has an extremely high affinity for trivalent iron ions (Fe³⁺). One molecule of desferrioxamine can bind one iron ion, forming a stable and water-soluble reddish-brown complex called “desferrioxamine”, which is excreted from the body through urine and feces. It also has a strong affinity for aluminum ions (Al³⁺), but has very low affinity for physiological metal ions such as copper, zinc, and calcium.
Solubility: Easily soluble in water, and also soluble in DMSO (approximately 10 mg/mL).
Stability: Stable in dry powder form. Solutions should be stored under appropriate conditions.

🧩Main uses and mechanism of action Clinical and pharmaceutical applications

Acute iron poisoning: As the first choice of treatment, it is used for emergency treatment in cases of accidental ingestion of large amounts of iron-containing substances (such as ferrous sulfate).
Chronic iron overload: Treatment for the accumulation of iron in the body due to repeated blood transfusions (such as in patients with thalassemia or sickle cell anemia) or genetic disorders.
Aluminum accumulation poisoning: Used for bone and brain diseases caused by aluminum accumulation related to dialysis.
Research Applications (in the field of life sciences)
Ferroptosis inhibitors: By chelating iron ions and inhibiting lipid peroxidation, they are one of the most classic therapeutic drugs used in the study of the mechanism of ferroptosis.
HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor) stabilizer: By mimicking the low-oxygen environment, it stabilizes HIF-1α and is widely used in studies on angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, and hypoxia adaptation of stem cells.
Antitumor research: Studies have shown that it can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells by inducing apoptosis and autophagy, and is often used as an enhancer to be combined with chemotherapy drugs.

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